Hemijski sastav etarskog ulja Dragocephalum moldavica L. iz Vojvodine (Srbija)

Dracocephalum moldavica L., also called Moldavian balm or Moldavian dragonhead, is native to temperate climate of Asia, but it was naturalized in Eastern and Central Europe, North Africa, China and northeastern United States. This is an annual plant, with numerous stems (up to 6), 22-45 cm high, and blue flowers arranged in pseudo-whorls growing in leaf axils. Essential oil accumulates in exogenous oil-containing cells at the dorsal sides of the leaves, and in the inflorescence. Because of this, the entire plant has a citrus-like flavor, resembling that of lemon balm and catnip. This plant is extensively used as a spice and for composition of tea blends, in food aromatization (canned fish, jams, candies, syrups), perfumery, alcohol industry, soaps and detergents. Dracocephalum moldavica from Vojvodina Province, Serbia contains geranial (29.6%), geranyl acetate (27.2%) and neral (19.4%) as the most abundant compounds. Further investigations will be focused on the influence of weather conditions on essential oil composition, as well as on bioactive potential of this essential oil.Biljka Dracocephalum moldavica L., poznata je kao Moldavska melisa ili Moldavska zmajeglavka. Poreklom je iz umerenog klimata Azije, ali je naturalizovana u Istočnoj i Centralnoj Evropi, Severnoj Africi, Kini i severo-istočnom delu SAD. Iz korena ove jednogodišnje biljke izbija veći broj stabljika (do 6), koje su 22-45 cm visine, sa plavim cvetovima raspoređenim u lažnim pršljenastim cvastima u pazusima listova. Etarsko ulje se akumulira u egzogenim uljanim ćelijama sa donje strane listova i u cvetovima. Zbog etarskog ulja koje ima citrusnu notu ova biljka podseća na matičnjak i macinu travu. Biljka se intenzivno koristi kao začin i kao dodatak čajnim mešavinama, za aromatizaciju hrane (konzervirana riba, džemovi, slatkiši, sirupi), parfimeriji, alkoholnoj industriji, proizvodnji sapuna i deterdženata. Etarsko ulje D. moldavica iz AP Vojvodine, Srbije sadrži geranial (29,6%), geranil-acetat (27,2%) i neral (19,4%) kao najzastupljenije komponente. Dalja istraživanja biće usmerena na uticaj vremenskih uslova na sastav etarskog ulja, kao i na njegov biološki potencija

Еколошки и економски ефекти улагања у одрживо управљање земљишним ресурсима на подручју слива Шутиловачког потока

This paper presents the results of an erosion processes research on the territory of the morphological unit of Sutilovacki stream, the prevention measures of same processes, as well as the justification of socio-economic investments and a sensitivity analysis of the economic efficiency parameters. The research includes a period from 2017-2032 year, whereby the evaluation methods of professor Gavrilovic are applied in erosion process intensity assessment, on the whole research area, and universal soil loss equation - USLE, on the agricultural land area. Different rates of soil erosion vulnerability are established on the whole research area by applying these methods. Present erosion processes are prevented by the predicted model of future production from the aspect of soil resource protection in the area of the city of Belgrade, by professor Zlatic (1994). Erosion soil losses are significantly diminished and reduced under a tolerable limit, along with the accomplishment of socio-economic justification of investment, examined by the dynamic methods of internal rate of yield, term for the repayment of invested funds, cost-benefit ratio, and net present value. In addition, an analysis of internal rate of yield sensitivity and term for repayment of invested funds are executed. The obtained data indicate justification of the investment.У предметном раду су приказани резултати истраживања заступљености ерозионих процеса на подручју морфолошке јединице Шутиловачког потока, затим мера санације тих процеса, као и друштвено-економска оправданост инвестиционог улагања и анализа осетљивости параметара економске ефикасности. Истраживање обухвата период 2017-2032 године, при чему су у оцени интензитета ерозионих процеса примењене метода професора Гавриловића, на целокупном подручју, и Универзална једначина губитака земљишта – RUSLE, на пољопривредним површинама. Применом метода, утврђени су различити степени угрожености земљишта ерозијом на читавом истраживаном подручју. Предвиђеним моделом будуће производње са аспекта очувања земљишних ресурса на подручју града Београда (Zlatić, 1994), санирани су постојећи процеси ерозије. Eрозиони губици земљишта су значајно умањени и сведени испод граница толерантних, уз остварење друштвено-економске оправданости инвестиционих улагања, испитане динамичким методама интерне стопе приноса, рока повраћаја уложених средстава, односа корист-трошак и нето садашње вредности. Такође је извршена и анализа осетљивости интерне стопе приноса и рока повраћаја уложених средстава који су показали малу осетљивост. Добијени подаци указују на оправданост инвестиционог улагања

Environmental and Economic Effects of Investments in Sustainable Land Management in the Morphological Unit of Šutilovac Stream

In this paper are represented results of erosion processes research on the territory of morphological unit Šutilovac stream, prevention measures of same processes, as well as justify cation of socio-economic investments and sensitivity analysis of the economic efficiency parameters. Th e research includes period from 2017-2032 year, whereby are in erosion process intensity evaluation applied methods of professor Gavrilović, on the whole research area, and universal soil loss equation – USLE, on the agricultural land area. By application of these methods are established different rates of soil erosion vulnerability on the whole research area. By predicted model of future production from the aspect of soil resource protection on the area of the city of Belgrade, by professor Zlatić (1994), are prevented present erosion processes and erosion soil losses are significantly diminished and reduced under tolerant limit, along accomplishment of socio-economic justification of investment, examined by dynamic methods of internal rate of yield, term for repayment of invested funds, cost-benefit ratio, and net present value. Also, is executed analysis of internal rate of yield sensitivity and term for repayment of invested funds, which showed a low sensitivity, which indicates a great economic efficiency

Supplementary data for the article: Nikolić, B.; Matović, M.; Todosijević, M.; Stanković, J.; Cvetković, M.; Marin, P. D.; Tešević, V. Volatiles of Tanacetum Macrophyllum Obtained by Different Extraction Methods. Natural Product Communications 2018, 13 (7), 891–893. https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1801300727

Supplementary material: [https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X1801300727]Related to published version: [http://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2169

Minimization of direct costs in the construction of torrent control structures

Najvažniji elemeni u planiranju provedbe projekata kontrole od bujica (poplava) su procjena vremena, troškova (buđžeta) i resursa. Ova tri elementa su interaktivna: kraće trajanje izgradnje strukture uzrokuje angažman dodatnih resursa i povećanje troškova i obrnuto, veći troškovi dovode do kraćeg trajanja gradnje. Ovaj rad se bavi minimiziranjem direktnih troškova projekta na primjeru četiri projekta kontrole bujičnih poplava. Trajanje gradnje i dinamički plan projektnih aktivnosti su određeni pomoću CMP metode mrežnog planiranja. Optimizacijski problem – minimiziranje direktnih troškova gradnje, uz ograničenja kao što su: zadan rok, redoslijed aktivnosti, gornja i donja ograničenja vremena trajanja aktivnosti, riješen je primjenom linearnog programiranja i sučelja Matlaba. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da primijenjene metode osiguravaju značajne uštede što je važan izazov organizacije građenja.The most important elements in the planning of the implementation of the torrent (flood) control projects which need to be estimated are time, costs (budget) and resource required. These three elements are interactive: a shorter duration of structure construction causes additional resources engagement and increased costs, and vice versa - greater costs provide a shorter duration of construction. This paper analysis direct project cost minimization for four torrent control projects. The construction duration and the dynamic plan of project activities have been determined using the CPM method of network planning. The optimization problem – minimization of direct cost of construction subject to constraints such as: given deadline, precedence constraints, and upper and lower bounded duration time of activities is solved using linear programming and Matlab toolbox. Our results show that applied methods ensure significant cost savings, which is an important challenge in the construction management

Terpenes and n-Alkanes in Needles of Pinus cembra

Simultaneous hydrodistillation and extraction of Pinus cembra needles from Slovakia was done (via Likens Nickerson apparatus) for the first time. In essential oil extracts 55 compounds were identified, comprising 99.6% of the extract. The most abundant were monoterpene hydrocarbons (71.0%). In the terpene profile alpha-pinene, limonene/beta-phellandrene, germacrene D, beta-pinene, and delta-cadinene dominated (53.2%, 11.4%, 9.4%, 4.6%, and 4.3%, respectively). Seven new compounds for P. cembra, such as methyl daniellate (0.5%), 1,8 cineole (0.2%) and trans-cadina-1(6),4-diene (0.2%), etc. were found. In needle cuticular wax of P. cembra the amount of nonacosan-10-ol was 75.8%. n-Alkanes ranged from C-20 to C-35 with the most dominant C-31, C-29 and C-33 (33.4%, 16.9%, and 9.6%, resp.). Differences in terpene profiles between Slovakian and Greece from one side and Romanian and Polish cembran pines on the other side could be the consequence of its disjuncted areal in Carpathian Mountains caused by glaciation and survival of species in different ecological niches. Obtained differences in n-alkane profiles among our and literature results could be the consequence of different age of trees

Land Sensitivity Analysis of Degradation using MEDALUS model: Case Study of Deliblato Sands, Serbia

This paper studies the assessment of sensitivity to land degradation of Deliblato sands (the northern part of Serbia), as a special nature reserve. Sandy soils of Deliblato sands are highly sensitive to degradation (given their fragility), while the system of land use is regulated according to the law, consisting of three zones under protection. Based on the MEDALUS approach and the characteristics of the study area, four main factors were considered for evaluation: soil, climate, vegetation and management. Several indicators affecting the quality of each factor were identified. Each indicator was quantified according to its quality and given a weighting of between 1.0 and 2.0. ArcGIS 9 was utilized to analyze and prepare the layers of quality maps, using the geometric mean to integrate the individual indicator map. In turn, the geometric mean of all four quality indices was used to generate sensitivity of land degradation status map. Results showed that 56.26% of the area is classified as critical; 43.18% as fragile; 0.55% as potentially affected and 0.01% as not affected by degradation. The values of vegetation quality index, expressed as coverage, diversity of vegetation functions and management policy during the protection regime are clearly represented through correlation coefficient (0.87 and 0.47)

GC–MS-based metabolomics for the detection of adulteration in oregano samples

Oregano is one of the most used culinary herb and it is often adulterated with cheaper plants. In this study, GC–MS was used for identification and quantification of metabolites from 104 samples of oregano (Origanum vulgare and O. onites) adulterated with olive (Olea europaea), venetian sumac (Cotinus coggygria) and myrtle (Myrtus communis) leaves, at five different concentration levels. The metabolomics profiles obtained after the two-step derivatization, involving methoxyamination and silanization, were subjected to multivariate data analysis to reveal markers of adulteration and to build the regression models on the basis of the oregano-to-adulterants mixing ratio. Orthogonal partial least squares enabled detection of oregano adulterations with olive, Venetian sumac and myrtle leaves. Sorbitol levels distinguished oregano samples adulterated with olive leaves, while shikimic and quinic acids were recognized as discrimination factor for adulteration of oregano with venetian sumac. Fructose and quinic acid levels correlated with oregano adulteration with myrtle. Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis enabled discrimination of O. vulgare and O. onites samples, where catechollactate was found to be discriminating metabolite.Supplementary material: [https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5035

Supplementary data for the article: Ivanović, S.; Mandrone, M.; Simić, K.; Ristić, M.; Todosijević, M.; Mandić, B.; Gođevac, D. GC-MS-Based Metabolomics for the Detection of Adulteration in Oregano Samples. Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 2021, 86 (12), 1195–1203. https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC210809089I.

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC210809089I]Related to published version: [https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/5035

Volatiles of Tanacetum macrophyllum Obtained by Different Extraction Methods

Terpene compounds of Tanacetum macrophyllum as 1) essential oils, obtained by hydrodistillation (HD), 2) essential oil extracts, obtained by simultaneous' hydrodistillation and extraction (SDE) and 3) volatiles, obtained by Static Headspace GC-MS analysis (HS) were processed. Monoterpenes were the most dominant (49.2%, 49.5% and 90.4%, respectively). Profiles of essential oils obtained by HD and SD were quite similar, with oxygenated monoterpenes (39.3% and 39.4%) being the most abundant. In HS volatiles oxygenated monoterpenes also dominated (57.4%). Total sesquiterpenes were abundant in HD and SDE volatiles (38.2% and 39.2%, resp.), where sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were prevalent (27.3% and 28.7%, resp.). Germacrene D was dominant in HD and SDE oils (22.0% and 23.3%, resp.) and 1,8-cineole in HS volatiles (34.3%). To our knowledge, this is the first use of Headspace technique on T macrophyllum. Furthermore, this is the first comparison of different techniques of volatile extraction in T. macrophyllum